Comparison of the Law of Marriage
between the Torah, the Gospel, and the Qur'an
It is to be expected that the heavenly books would be in complete harmony and would raise humanity to the spiritual level that the Lord intended for them. And since God does not change, His laws cannot change; for example, God does not call holiness in one of His books impurity in another book and likewise all the teachings that concern righteousness, piety, virtue, and faithfulness… etc without any change in principle . This is made clear by the following Qur'anic verses:
Surah al-Nahl {43} We did not send before you any except men to whom We revealed. So ask the People of the Reminder if you do not know.
And in Surah al-Ma'idah {47} Let the People of the Gospel judge by what Allah has revealed in it , and whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed — those are the defiantly disobedient.
Surah Yunus 10: 94 If you are in doubt about what We have sent down to you, then ask those who read the Book before you. The truth has certainly come to you from your Lord, so do not be among the doubters.
And it is not possible that God would confirm to the Prophet to instruct Christians to keep a Book and its teachings if they were corrupted. And it is good to know that God was the first to institute marriage, completed it, and blessed it, as stated in the Torah in the Book of Genesis, which God revealed to the prophet Moses:
Genesis 2: 18 And the Lord God said: “It is not good for Adam to be alone; I will make a helper fit for him……21 So the Lord God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept; and He took one of his ribs and closed up its place with flesh.22 And the Lord God built the rib that He had taken from Adam into a woman, and brought her to Adam23 And Adam said: “This at last is bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh. She shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man”.24 Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and cling to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.
And in the last book of the Old Testament (Malachi), we find that God commands the people to treat his wife (meaning his one wife) with kindness and love and that He hates divorce. And all the prophets of God from the beginning of the world to the end of the Old Testament were bound to the law of one wife, such as the prophet Noah and his sons and the prophet Moses… whereas Elijah and Elisha did not marry.
And since there was no commandment forbidding polygamy, some people took more than one wife, which began from the line of Cain the wicked murderer of his brother, named Lamech, as
stated in: Genesis 4: 19 And Lamech took for himself two wives: the name of the one was Adah, and the name of the other was Zillah. And Christianity abolished polygamy and kept the law of one wife.
And Christianity restored the principles of marriage and the way husbands are to deal with their wives, as in:
1 Corinthians 7: 2 But because of sexual immorality, each man should have his own wife, and each woman her own husband. Let the husband render to the wife her due, and likewise the wife to the husband. The wife does not have authority over her own body, but the husband does. Likewise the husband does not have authority over his own body, but the wife does. Do not deprive one another, except perhaps by agreement for a time, that you may devote yourselves to fasting and prayer, and then come together again, so that Satan may not tempt you because of your lack of self-control. And God forbade divorce and separation except in the case of adultery, as in:
Matthew 19: 3-12 And the Pharisees came to Him, to test Him, saying to Him: “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any cause?” 4 He answered and said to them: “Have you not read that He who created them from the beginning made them male and female? 5 and said: For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh. 6 So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let no man separate.” 7 They said to Him: “Why then did Moses command to give a certificate of divorce and send her away?” 8 He said to them: “Because of your hardness of heart Moses allowed you to divorce your wives, but from the beginning it was not so. 9 And I say to you: whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery, and he who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.”
“.His disciples said to Him: “If such is the case of a man with his wife, it is better not to marry!” He said to them: “Not everyone can receive this saying, but only those to whom it is given, for there are eunuchs who have been so from birth, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by men, and there are eunuchs who have made themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. Let the one who is able to receive this receive it.
1 Thessalonians 4: 3-5 For this is the will of God: your sanctification; that you abstain from sexual immorality, 4 that each one of you know how to control his own body in holiness and honor 5 not in the passion of lust like the Gentiles who do not know God.
Ephesians 5: 28 In the same way husbands must love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself.
Colossians 3: 19 and do not be harsh with them.
1 Peter 3: 7 Likewise, you husbands, live with your wives according to , showing honor to the woman as the weaker vessel, since they are heirs with you of the grace of life, so that your prayers may not be hindered.
Hebrews 13: 4 Let marriage be honourable among all.
As for Islam we find that the law of a single wife is not necessarily as in:
Surat An-Nisa {3} And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphans, then marry whatever is pleasing to you of women two, three, or four; but if you fear that you will not be just, then [marry] one or those whom your right hands possess…..
Surah Al-Ahzab {50} O Prophet, indeed We have made lawful for you your wives to whom you have given their due compensation and those whom your right hand possesses from what Allah has granted you, and the daughters of your paternal uncles and the daughters of your paternal aunts and the daughters of your maternal uncles…..
And we ask, why this change? And why the difference in principle?
From the beginning, the Lord God ordained that the wife be a helper to her husband, not for his pleasure: So why did the Prophet marry the child Aisha when she was three years old and he was fifty years old, and consummate the marriage with her when she was nine, while she needed someone to support her? She should be a counterpart, that is, suitable for him and able to communicate with him so that they may complete the journey of life in the fear of God. Also, the Tenth Commandment in the Torah "You shall not covet your neighbor's house.You shall not covet your neighbor's wife nor his male servant nor his female servant nor his ox nor his donkey nor anything that belongs to your neighbor. Yet the Prophet desired Zaynab bint Jahsh, the wife of his adopted son Zayd, when he visited them and saw Zaynab distressed, and he married her after she was divorced and abolished adoption. Why did these principles differ in Islam, the most serious of which are the following that do not agree at all with the principles of marriage that God ordained.
Deuteronomy 24: 1 -4 "If a man takes a woman and marries her, and if she finds no favor in his eyes because he has found in her some indecency, and he writes her a certificate of divorce, puts it in her hand, and sends her out of his house, 2 and after she departs from his house she goes and becomes another man's wife, 3 and if the latter husband dislikes her and writes her a certificate of divorce and puts it in her hand, or if he dies; 4 then her former husband who sent her away may not take her again to be his wife after she has been defiled. For that is an abomination before the Lord. You shall not bring sin upon the land that the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance.
Surat Al-Baqarah: 229 Divorce is twice; then [it must be] retention in an acceptable manner or release with good treatment. And it is not lawful for you to take anything of what you have given them unless both fear that they will not be able to keep within the limits of Allah; but if you fear that they will not keep within the limits of Allah, then there is no sin upon either of them concerning that by which she ransoms herself. These are the limits of Allah, so do not transgress them; and whoever transgresses the limits of Allah — it is those who are the wrongdoers. {230} And if he divorces her [for the third time], she is not lawful to him afterward until she marries another husband and if he divorces her, then there is no sin upon them to return to each other if they think that they can keep within the limits of Allah. These are the limits of Allah; He clarifies them for a people who know.
Implementing the punishment for adultery
The Qur'an stipulates stoning adulterers, but we find that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, implemented this law in two cases where they repented to God and asked for purification, and in two cases he did not [stone] them and left them to fornicate, and in the fifth case he ruled for stoning because adultery was proven, according to the Mosaic law as follows:
It is established It is established in Sahih Muslim and others from the narration of Ubadah ibn As-Samit, may God be pleased with him, that Ma'iz ibn Malik al-Aslami came to the Messenger of God and said: (O Messenger of God, purify me.) The Prophet said: "Woe to you, go back and seek God's forgiveness and repent to Him." He left and soon returned and said: O Messenger of God, purify me. The Prophet, peace be upon him, said the same until the fourth time. He said to him: "From what shall I purify you?" He said: From adultery. The Prophet asked: "Is he insane?" He was told that he was not insane. He said: "Has he drunk wine?" A man stood up, smelled his breath, and did not find the odor of wine. The Prophet said: "Did you commit adultery?" He said: Yes. So he ordered that he be stoned
The Ghamidiyyah woman came and said: (O Prophet of God, I have committed adultery, and I want you to purify me.) He said to her: "Go back" When it was the next day she came again and confessed adultery and that she was pregnant, The Prophet said to her: "Go back until you give birth" When she gave birth, she brought the boy wrapped in a cloth and said: O Prophet of God, I have given birth, He said: "Go and breastfeed him then wean him" When she weaned him, she brought the boy: O Prophet of God, I have weaned him, Then the Prophet ordered the people to stone her
The Jews came to the Messenger of God and mentioned that a man from among them and a woman had committed adultery. The Messenger of God said to them: What do you find in the Torah regarding stoning? They said: We expose them and flog them. Abdullah ibn Salam said: You have lied; indeed there is stoning in it. They brought the Torah and spread it out, and one of them placed his hand over the verse of stoning and then read what came before and after it. Abdullah ibn Salam said: Lift your hand, and he lifted his hand, and there was the verse of stoning. They said: You have told the truth, O Muhammad; it does contain the verse of stoning. So the Messenger of God — may God's prayers and peace be upon him — ordered that both be stoned
Narrated by Abu Dawud (2049) and An-Nasa'i (3229) from Ibn Abbas who said: A man came to the Messenger of God and said: I have a wife who is among the most beloved of people to me, and she does not prevent the hand of a touching man. He said: Divorce her. He said: I cannot bear to leave her. He said: Enjoy her >>>
Meaning that the woman who does not keep away the hand of one who touches her, consents to sexual relations with him.
112907: A prohibition for one who has been absent from his wife for a long time from coming to her suddenly: Ibn Abi Jamrah said that it contains a prohibition against a traveler arriving at his family unexpectedly without prior notice from him to them of his arrival, and the reason for that is what is indicated in the hadith. He said: Some contradicted this and found a man with his wife, and was punished for that contradiction.
The Gospel tells us about two incidents in which adultery was confessed and how Christ dealt with them with compassion and mercy, giving them the opportunity to repent:
Luke 7: 36-50. One of the Pharisees asked him to eat with him, so he went into the Pharisee's house and reclined. And behold, a woman in the city who was a sinner, when she learned that he was reclining in the Pharisee's house, brought a bottle of perfume. She stood behind his feet weeping, and began to wet his feet with her tears and wipe them with the hair of her head, and kissed his feet and anointed them with the perfume. When the Pharisee who had invited him saw this, he said to himself: "If this man were a prophet, he would know who this woman is who is touching him and what she is; she is a sinner." Jesus answered and said to him: "Simon, I have something to say to you." He said: "Say it, Teacher." "A moneylender had two debtors; one owed five hundred denarii and the other fifty. When they could not pay, he forgave them both. Which of them will love him more?" Simon answered: "I suppose the one for whom he forgave the larger debt." He said to him: "You have judged rightly." Then he turned toward the woman and said to Simon: "Do you see this woman? I entered your house, you gave me no water for my feet, but she has washed my feet with her tears and wiped them with her hair. You gave me no kiss, but from the time I came in she has not stopped kissing my feet. You did not anoint my head with oil, but she has anointed my feet with perfume. Therefore I tell you, her many sins have been forgiven, for she loved much; but he who is forgiven little loves little." Then he said to her: "Your sins are forgiven." Those reclining with him began to say among themselves: "Who is this who even forgives sins?" He said to the woman: "Your faith has saved you; go in peace."
John 8: 3 The scribes and the Pharisees brought to him a woman caught in adultery, and when they had made her stand in the midst, they said to him: "Teacher, this woman was caught in the act of adultery. Now in the Law Moses commanded us that such women be stoned. What then do you say?" They said this to test him, that they might have a charge to bring against him. Jesus bent down and wrote with his finger on the ground. When they continued asking him, he stood up and said to them: "Let him who is without sin among you be the first to throw a stone at her!" Then he bent down again and wrote on the ground. And when they heard it, they went away one by one, beginning with the elders, and Jesus was left alone with the woman standing in the midst. Jesus stood up and said to her: "Woman, where are they, those accusers of yours? Has no one condemned you?" She said: "No one, Lord." And Jesus said to her: "Neither do I condemn you. Go, and do not sin again."
Please do not call me KAFER (unbeliever) .